Maintaining the "social security lever" when resources are limited: Controlling and Optimizing the Health Insurance Fund to ensure patients' rights

As Viet Nam approaches the goal of universal health insurance (HI) coverage, the biggest challenge is no longer expanding participation, but rather managing and utilizing the Health Insurance Fund effectively and sustainably. Implementing Resolution No. 72-NQ/TW, issued by the Politburo on September 9, 2025, sets out breakthrough solutions to enhance public health protection, care, and improvement, with HI identified as a pillar towards free hospital care; in the context of rising medical examination and treatment costs due to increasing healthcare demands, while resources are limited, the requirement is to use the HI fund rationally, safely, and effectively, while ensuring full patient rights as stipulated. These are not two opposing goals, but rather two parallel conditions for the HI schemes to sustainably contribute to Vietnamese people’s healthcare.

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