Viet Nam – RoK have conducted many cooperative activities in labour, employment, occupational education, human resources development, labour safety and hygiene, social security, social insurance and gender equality. Such collaboration has brought economic benefits to both people and enterprises of the two countries. At present, the RoK is the biggest foreign investor in Vietnam. Meanwhile, 39,659 Vietnamese labourers are working in the RoK.  
Prime Minister Pham Minh Chinh said that after more than 30 years of labour cooperation, despite ups and downs, it can be said that the presence of Vietnamese workers in the RoK is necessary, and Vietnamese guest workers are satisfied when working in the host country.
As the two countries have elevated their relationship to a comprehensive strategic partnership, labour cooperation needs to be promoted to be commensurate with this relationship, he stressed.
The government leader proposed the RoK continue to take the lead in training international human resources, including Vietnamese workers, to promote effective, sustainable and effective human resources cooperation activities that bring about benefits for both sides; while bringing highly qualified experts and managers to work in Viet Nam; and increasing the quota for receiving Vietnamese workers under the Employment Permit System (EPS) programme, and those working in the shipbuilding, agriculture, and fishery industries, and in the fields that RoK has demand like information technology, nursing and services.
The Korean side needs to continue strengthening coordination, exchange, and information sharing with Vietnamese authorities to create a favourable, safe, friendly, and culturally harmonious environment for Vietnamese workers in the host country, and ensure employees enjoy their legitimate interests and comply with the host nation’s laws, thereby minimising violations of law in the RoK and well implementing the two countries’ agreement on social insurance.
The Prime Minister emphasised the need to educate workers to understand and comply with the law; have better understanding of local culture to adapt to local life; and have professional skills and foreign languages to work more effectively.
He asked ministries, sectors and localities to increase support in terms of employment and start-up, connect job supply and demand for workers returning from the RoK with Korean businesses investing in Viet Nam, and regularly organise vocational training and career guidance courses for them.
The PM expressed his belief that, with the high determination and great efforts from both sides, on the foundation of the Viet Nam – RoK Comprehensive Strategic Partnership, economic and labour cooperation will continue to be an important pillar in the bilateral relations, and driving forces to bring the relationship to a new height for common prosperity.
Before, Việt Nam and the Republic of Korea (RoK) have signed an administrative deal on the implementation of a bilateral agreement on social insurance.
The deal was signed by Vietnamese Deputy Minister of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) Nguyễn Bá Hoan and Deputy Minister for Planning and Coordination of the RoK's Ministry of Health and Welfare (MOHW) in Sejong City on Friday.
The bilateral agreement on social insurance is expected to create favourable conditions for the flow of workers and protect the rights and interests related to social insurance of workers from both countries.
It aims to avoid double social insurance contributions paid by Vietnamese and Korean citizens working in each other’s country.
On January 24 that it has signed a deal with the National Pension Service (NPS) of the Republic of Korea (RoK) on the implementation of an agreement on social insurance between the two governments.  

The deal aims to ensure the legitimate rights and interests of the two countries’ labourers participating in social insurance, thus helping to build equal and sustainable social welfare in both nations.

The bilateral cooperation agreement on social insurance was inked in Seoul, the RoK, on December 14, 2021, and came into force from January 1, 2024. The agreement is expected to facilitate the flow of workers and protect their rights and interests related to social insurance.
It aims to avoid double social insurance contributions paid by Vietnamese and Korean citizens working in each other’s country. The agreement will also facilitate information sharing between the two countries' enforcement agencies, helping to strengthen labour management in a more convenient and effective manner.
November 27, 2019, The Memorandum of Understanding between the Republic of Korea (RoK)’s Workers’ Compensation and Welfare Service and Viet Nam Social Security for the 2020-2025 has been signed. 

Accordingly, the two agencies will discuss and cooperate in such prioritized areas as compensation regime for employees and insurance premiums; payment and managementThe social insurance agreement between Viet Nam and the RoK has been launched since December 2015 and gone through four negotiation rounds. 

Viet Nam Social Security and the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs and relevant ministries and agencies have participated in the negotiation process, aiming to the common goal in realizing social insurance policy at the two nations and ensuring to obey regulations and laws of each nation in line with the international rules.